3rd+of+ESO+-+Resources

3rd of ESO A

 * Your notebooks will be corrected the next week (30 Nov - 4 Dec)
 * You have to give the teacher the reports of the practical work for medecin prospects, energy spending and starch in food

Topic: The digestive system
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McGraw Hill animation about digestion = @http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter26/animation__organs_of_digestion.html You can read the text while you are listening it and you can do the test.

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3. Secretion is the process of producing and releasing fluid products, such as acid, bile, digestive enzymes, and mucus, in order to facilitate chemical digestion or the passage of material through the GI tract. Absorption involves either the passive or active transport of electrolytes, products of digestion, vitamins, and water, through the GI tract epithelium and into the lymph vessels and blood vessels. ======

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4. Permanent teeth include the incisors, canines, premolars, and molars. The incisors are designed for slicing or cutting into food. Canines have pointed tips for puncturing and tearing food. Premolars have flat crowns with cusps that can crush and grind ingested materials. Molars have large, broad, flat crowns with distinctive cusps, and are also used for grinding and crushing. ======

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5. Sequential contraction of the pharyngeal constrictors functions to decreases the diameter of the pharynx beginning at its superior end and moving toward its inferior end, thus forcing swallowed material toward the esophagus. ======

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6. The other parts of the digestive are the pancreas, the stomach, the duodenum of the small intestine, the jejunum and the ileum of the small intestine, the cecum, the vermiform appendix, the ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid colon of the large intestine. ======

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7. Food mixed with saliva forms a bolus that is pushed into the archway leading into the pharynx. The bolus passes quickly and involuntarily through the pharynx to the esophagus and into the stomach. ======

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9. The duodenum forms the first region of the small intestine. It is arched into a C-shape around the head of the pancreas. The duodenum begins at the pyloric sphincter and ends at the duodenojejunal flexure. The proximal duodenum is characterized by submucosal (Brunner) glands. The jejunum is the middle region of the small intestine and forms approximately two-fifths of the length of the small intestine. Circular folds (plicae circulares) are mucosal and submucosal folds in all three regions of the small intestine, but are best-developed in the duodenum and jejunum. Additionally, villi are larger and more numerous in the jejunum. The ileum is the last region of the small intestine and forms approximately three-fifths of the length of the small intestine and its distal end terminates at the ileocecal valve. ======

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14. A decrease in mucin secretion results in a decrease in the thickness and volume of the mucus that coats and protects the luminal lining of GI tract organs. Without this protection, the organ lining is subject to abrasion by a moving bolus or chyme and to damage by acid or enzymes. ======

Topic: Additives in the food
Here you have some web links to complete the additives practical work: · List of the food additives by type and E number __ @http://histolii.ugr.es/EuroE/NumerosE.pdf __ · List of the food additives by E number @http://histolii.ugr.es/EuroE/NumerosEnumerico.pdf · List of the functional classes of the food additives @http://histolii.ugr.es/EuroE/ClasesFuncionales.pdf @http://www.codexalimentarius.net/gsfaonline/reference/techfuncs.html · All the additives and their characteristics @http://www.aditivosalimentarios.com/[|/] @http://www.pasqualinonet.com.ar/los_aditivos.htm · One deeper explanation __ @http://milksci.unizar.es/adit/aditivos.html __